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1 satellite
1. n1) штучний супутник Землі, ШСЗ3) астрон. сателіт, супутник (якої-н. планети)2. v◊•- application technology satellite - artificial earth satellite - artificial moon satellite - artificial satellite - backup satellite - beam-switched satellite - biological satellite - broadcasting satellite - communications satellite - coorbiting satellite - coplanar satellite - dedicated satellite - direct broadcast satellite - direct broadcasting satellite - direct readout satellite - direct-to-home satellite - earth-exploration satellite - earth-oriented satellite - earth radiation budget satellite - earth resources technology satellite - environment satellite - GEO satellite - geostationary earth orbit satellite - HEO satellite - high-altitude satellite - high-apogee satellite - high-earth orbit satellite - high-inclination satellite - high-orbit satellite - high-resolution radar mapping satellite - in-orbit satellite - leased satellite - LEO satellite - low-altitude satellite - low-apogee satellite - low-earth orbit satellite - low-orbit satellite - manned satellite - meteorological satellite - microwave power satellite - mobile satellite - multibeam satellite - near-earth satellite - near-polar-orbiting satellite - nonsun-synchronized satellite - nuclear power satellite - observatory satellite - ocean-dedicated satellite - oceanographic satellite - one-way satellite - passive satellite - polar orbiting satellite - reflector satellite - relay satellite - repeater satellite - robot satellite - round-trip satellite - satellites of Jupiter - search and rescue satellite - solar max satellite - solar power satellite - solar-radiation satellite - space electric rocket test satellite - space laser power system-powered satellite - space satellite - spin-stabilized satellite - spy satellite - station-keeping satellite - subsynchronous satellite - sun-earth observatory satellite - supersynchronous satellite - telecommunication satellite - television and infrared observing satellite - temperature-sounding satellite - transmitting satellite - two-way satellite - unmanned robot satellite - weather satellite -
2 satellite
1) искусственный спутник Земли, ИСЗ2) спутник•to place satellite in orbit — выводить спутник на орбиту;-
amateur satellite
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application technology satellite
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backup satellite
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beam-switched satellite
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biological satellite
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broadcasting satellite
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communications satellite
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co-orbiting satellite
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dedicated satellite
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direct readout satellite
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direct-broadcast satellite
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direct-to-home satellite
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earth radiation budget satellite
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earth resources technology satellite
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earth resources satellite
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earth-exploration satellite
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environment satellite
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GEO satellite
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HEO satellite
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high-altitude satellite
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high-apogee satellite
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high-earth orbit satellite
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high-inclination satellite
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high-orbit satellite
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high-resolution radar mapping satellite
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in-orbit satellite
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leased satellite
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LEO satellite
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low-altitude satellite
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low-apogee satellite
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low-earth orbit satellite
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low-orbit satellite
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meteorological satellite
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microwave power satellite
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mobile satellite
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multibeam satellite
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near-earth satellite
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near-polar-orbiting satellite
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nonsun-synchronized satellite
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nuclear power satellite
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observatory satellite
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ocean-dedicated satellite
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oceanographic satellite
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one-way satellite
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passive satellite
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polar orbiting satellite
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reflector satellite
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relay satellite
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round-trip satellite
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search and rescue satellite
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solar max satellite
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solar power satellite
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solar-radiation satellite
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space electric rocket test satellite
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space laser power system-powered satellite
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spin-stabilized satellite
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station-keeping satellite
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subsynchronous satellite
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sun-earth observatory satellite
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supersynchronous satellite
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telecommunication satellite
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television and infrared observing satellite
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temperature-sounding satellite
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transmitting satellite
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two-way satellite
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weather satellite -
3 orbit
1. noun1) (Astron.) [Umlauf]bahn, die2) (Astronaut.) Umlaufbahn, die; Orbit, der3) (fig.) Sphäre, die2. intransitive verb 3. transitive verb* * *['o:bit] 1. noun(the path in which something moves around a planet, star etc, eg the path of the Earth round the Sun or of a spacecraft round the Earth: The spaceship is in orbit round the moon.) die Orbit, die Umlaufbahn2. verb(to go round in space: The spacecraft orbits the Earth every 24 hours.) umkreisen* * *or·bit[ˈɔ:bɪt, AM ˈɔ:r-]I. nthe spacecraft went into \orbit around the Earth das Raumfahrzeug trat in die Erdumlaufbahn einelectron \orbit Elektronen[kreis]bahn fplanetary \orbit Planetenbahn ftaxation falls within the \orbit of a different department Besteuerung fällt in den Zuständigkeitsbereich einer anderen Abteilung5.▶ to go into \orbit (increase) in den Himmel schießen fam; (become angry) [vor Wut] an die Decke gehen famII. vi kreisenIII. vt1. (circle around)to \orbit the Earth/Mars/the Sun die Erde/den Mars/die Sonne umkreisen2. (put into orbit)to \orbit a rocket/satellite eine Rakete/einen Satelliten in die Umlaufbahn bringen* * *['ɔːbɪt]1. n1) (ASTRON, SPACE) (= path) Umlaufbahn f, Kreisbahn f, Orbit m; (= single circuit) Umkreisung f, Umlauf mto be in orbit ((a)round the earth) — in der (Erd)umlaufbahn sein
to go into orbit ((a)round the sun) — in die (Sonnen)umlaufbahn eintreten
2. vtumkreisen3. vikreisen* * *orbit [ˈɔː(r)bıt]A s1. (ASTRON Kreis-, Umlauf-, PHYS Elektronen)Bahn f:get (put) into orbit in eine Umlaufbahn gelangen (bringen)2. figa) Bereich m, Wirkungskreis mb) POL (Macht)Bereich m, Einflusssphäre f3. ANAT, ZOOLa) Augenhöhle fb) Auge n4. ORN Augen(lider)haut fB v/t1. die Erde etc umkreisen2. einen Satelliten etc auf eine Umlaufbahn bringenC v/i die Erde etc umkreisen, sich auf einer Umlaufbahn bewegen* * *1. noun1) (Astron.) [Umlauf]bahn, die2) (Astronaut.) Umlaufbahn, die; Orbit, derput/send into orbit — in die Umlaufbahn bringen/schießen
3) (fig.) Sphäre, die2. intransitive verb 3. transitive verb* * *(anatomy) n.Augenhöhle f. n.Kreisbahn f.Umlaufbahn f. -
4 orbit
I[΄ɔ:bit] n (մոլորակի) ուղեծիր. աչքի խոռոչ. the orbit of the Earth Երկրի ուղեծիրը. put a satellite into orbit արբանյակը ուղեծիր դուրս բերել. The rocket is now in orbit Հրթիռն արդեն ուղեծրում էII[΄ɔ:bit] v ուղեծրով պտտվել. The spacecraft is orbiting (round) the moon Տիեզերանավը պտտվում է լուսնի շուրջը -
5 orbit
1) орбита
2) летать по орбите
3) орбитальный
4) траектория
5) поверхность транзитивности
6) <cosm.> виток
– achieve orbit
– braking orbit
– capture orbit
– circumlunar orbit
– coordination of an orbit
– disturbance of orbit
– docking orbit
– elements of orbit
– elongated orbit
– inclination of the orbit
– initial orbit
– near-earth orbit
– orbit circumference
– orbit hodograph
– orbit mechanics
– parking orbit
– periodic orbit
– rendezvous orbit
– return orbit
– staging orbit
– stationary orbit
– to orbit
– transfer orbit
put/boost/lift/lauch into orbit — <cosm.> забросить на орбиту
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6 orbit
or·bit [ʼɔ:bɪt, Am ʼɔ:r-] nthe spacecraft went into \orbit around the Earth das Raumfahrzeug trat in die Erdumlaufbahn ein;electron \orbit Elektronen[kreis]bahn f;planetary \orbit Planetenbahn ftaxation falls within the \orbit of a different department Besteuerung fällt in den Zuständigkeitsbereich einer anderen AbteilungPHRASES:to go into \orbit ( increase) in den Himmel schießen ( fam) ( become angry) [vor Wut] an die Decke gehen ( fam) vi kreisen vt1) ( circle around)2) ( put into orbit)to \orbit a rocket/ satellite eine Rakete/einen Satelliten in die Umlaufbahn bringen -
7 Clarke, Arthur Charles
[br]b. 16 December 1917 Minehead, Somerset, England[br]English writer of science fiction who correctly predicted the use of geo-stationary earth satellites for worldwide communications.[br]Whilst still at Huish's Grammar School, Taunton, Clarke became interested in both space science and science fiction. Unable to afford a scientific education at the time (he later obtained a BSc at King's College, London), he pursued both interests in his spare time while working in the Government Exchequer and Audit Department between 1936 and 1941. He was a founder member of the British Interplanetary Society, subsequently serving as its Chairman in 1946–7 and 1950–3. From 1941 to 1945 he served in the Royal Air Force, becoming a technical officer in the first GCA (Ground Controlled Approach) radar unit. There he began to produce the first of many science-fiction stories. In 1949–50 he was an assistant editor of Science Abstracts at the Institution of Electrical Engineers.As a result of his two interests, he realized during the Second World War that an artificial earth satellite in an equatorial orbital with a radius of 35,000 km (22,000 miles) would appear to be stationary, and that three such geo-stationary, or synchronous, satellites could be used for worldwide broadcast or communications. He described these ideas in a paper published in Wireless World in 1945. Initially there was little response, but within a few years the idea was taken up by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration and in 1965 the first synchronous satellite, Early Bird, was launched into orbit.In the 1950s he moved to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) to pursue an interest in underwater exploration, but he continued to write science fiction, being known in particular for his contribution to the making of the classic Stanley Kubrick science-fiction film 2001: A Space Odyssey, based on his book of the same title.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsClarke received many honours for both his scientific and science-fiction writings. For his satellite communication ideas his awards include the Franklin Institute Gold Medal 1963 and Honorary Fellowship of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 1976. For his science-fiction writing he received the UNESCO Kalinga Prize (1961) and many others. In 1979 he became Chancellor of Moratuwa University in Sri Lanka and in 1980 Vikran Scrabhai Professor at the Physical Research Laboratory of the University of Ahmedabad.Bibliography1945. "Extra-terrestrial relays: can rocket stations give world wide coverage?", Wireless World L1: 305 (puts forward his ideas for geo-stationary communication satellites).1946. "Astronomical radar: some future possibilities", Wireless World 52:321.1948, "Electronics and space flight", Journal of the British Interplanetary Society 7:49. Other publications, mainly science-fiction novels, include: 1955, Earthlight, 1956, TheCoast of Coral; 1958, Voice Across the Sea; 1961, Fall of Moondust; 1965, Voicesfrom the Sky, 1977, The View from Serendip; 1979, Fountain of Paradise; 1984, Ascent to Orbit: A Scientific Autobiography, and 1984, 2010: Odyssey Two (a sequel to 2001: A Space Odyssey that was also made into a film).Further Reading1986, Encyclopaedia Britannica.1991, Who's Who, London: A. \& C.Black.See also: Pierce, John RobinsonKF -
8 Braun, Wernher Manfred von
[br]b. 23 March 1912 Wirsitz, Germanyd. 16 June 1977 Alexandria, Virginia, USA[br]German pioneer in rocket development.[br]Von Braun's mother was an amateur astronomer who introduced him to the futuristic books of Jules Verne and H.G.Wells and gave him an astronomical telescope. He was a rather slack and undisciplined schoolboy until he came across Herman Oberth's book By Rocket to Interplanetary Space. He discovered that he required a good deal of mathematics to follow this exhilarating subject and immediately became an enthusiastic student.The Head of the Ballistics and Armaments branch of the German Army, Professor Karl Becker, had asked the engineer Walter Dornberger to develop a solid-fuel rocket system for short-range attack, and one using liquid-fuel rockets to carry bigger loads of explosives beyond the range of any known gun. Von Braun joined the Verein für Raumschiffsfahrt (the German Space Society) as a young man and soon became a leading member. He was asked by Rudolf Nebel, VfR's chief, to persuade the army of the value of rockets as weapons. Von Braun wisely avoided all mention of the possibility of space flight and some financial backing was assured. Dornberger in 1932 built a small test stand for liquid-fuel rockets and von Braun built a small rocket to test it; the success of this trial won over Dornberger to space rocketry.Initially research was carried out at Kummersdorf, a suburb of Berlin, but it was decided that this was not a suitable site. Von Braun recalled holidays as a boy at a resort on the Baltic, Peenemünde, which was ideally suited to rocket testing. Work started there but was not completed until August 1939, when the group of eighty engineers and scientists moved in. A great fillip to rocket research was received when Hitler was shown a film and was persuaded of the efficacy of rockets as weapons of war. A factory was set up in excavated tunnels at Mittelwerk in the Harz mountains. Around 6,000 "vengeance" weapons were built, some 3,000 of which were fired on targets in Britain and 2,000 of which were still in storage at the end of the Second World War.Peenemünde was taken by the Russians on 5 May 1945, but by then von Braun was lodging with many of his colleagues at an inn, Haus Ingeburg, near Oberjoch. They gave themselves up to the Americans, and von Braun presented a "prospectus" to the Americans, pointing out how useful the German rocket team could be. In "Operation Paperclip" some 100 of the team were moved to the United States, together with tons of drawings and a number of rocket missiles. Von Braun worked from 1946 at the White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico, and in 1950 moved to Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, Alabama. In 1953 he produced the Redstone missile, in effect a V2 adapted to carry a nuclear warhead a distance of 320 km (199 miles). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was formed in 1958 and recruited von Braun and his team. He was responsible for the design of the Redstone launch vehicles which launched the first US satellite, Explorer 1, in 1958, and the Mercury capsules of the US manned spaceflight programme which carried Alan Shepard briefly into space in 1961 and John Glenn into earth orbit in 1962. He was also responsible for the Saturn series of large, staged launch vehicles, which culminated in the Saturn V rocket which launched the Apollo missions taking US astronauts for the first human landing on the moon in 1969. Von Braun announced his resignation from NASA in 1972 and died five years later.[br]Bibliography1981, with F.L.Ordway, History of Rocketry and Space TravelFurther ReadingP.Marsh, 1985, The Space Business, Penguin. J.Trux, 1985, The Space Race, New English Library. T.Osman, 1983, Space History, Michael Joseph.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Braun, Wernher Manfred von
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9 trajectory
nearly rectilinear elliptic trajectory — эллиптическая траектория, близкая к вырожденной
nearly rectilinear hyperbolic trajectory — гиперболическая траектория, близкая к вырожденной
См. также в других словарях:
go into orbit — {v. phr.}, {slang} 1. To become very happy or successful. * /Our team has gone into orbit./ Compare: FLY HIGH. 2. To lose one s temper or control completely; become very angry. * /John was afraid his father would go into orbit when he found out… … Dictionary of American idioms
go into orbit — {v. phr.}, {slang} 1. To become very happy or successful. * /Our team has gone into orbit./ Compare: FLY HIGH. 2. To lose one s temper or control completely; become very angry. * /John was afraid his father would go into orbit when he found out… … Dictionary of American idioms
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